Yanmei Zheng

Guangzhou College of Commerce

Abstract：

This paper explores the ethical dilemmas of Artificial Intelligence (AI) from the perspective of classical philosophy of David Hume's sentiment-based ethics and Aristotle's reason-based approaches, it is understood that Hume advocates “sentiment” is the root of human actions, while Aristotle argues that “reason” is the foundation of happiness. What ethical principles should AI design and AI applications follow in the AI context? Existing AI technologies that cater to human sentimental needs and that adhere to rational norms, both the positive and negative outcomes are examined. Results reveal that both approaches carry risks and can lead extreme if the designs are only endowed with one particular concern, either for emotional satisfaction or practical reasons. Overemphasis on catering to human sentiment may result in disorder while an excessive pursuit of rationality may create a cold and lifeless society. The ethical dilemma of artificial intelligence cannot be resolved through a single philosophical lens. Therefore, in the construction of AI ethics, it is expecting for a stronger integration of sentiment and reason to jointly create a warm-hearted and orderly human society served by AI.

Key Words：

AI ethical dilemma; Hume’s sentiment-based ethics; Aristotle’ reason-based ethics