Abstract：

The latest "Emissions Gap Report 2023" released by the United Nations Environment Programme shows that global greenhouse gas emissions are projected to exceed the Paris Agreement's target by 23.9 billion tons of CO2 equivalent by 2030. The report emphasizes that to achieve the Paris Agreement's goal of limiting global temperature rise to between 2 and 1.5 degrees Celsius, global carbon emissions must be reduced by 28% to 42%. This indicates that maintaining current emission reduction efforts would pose severe challenges to global climate governance. Meanwhile, according to the latest data, China, as the world's largest carbon emitter, saw its greenhouse gas emissions reach 13 billion tons in 2021, marking a 4.3% increase from the previous year. Confronting this reality, China is actively promoting the transition of its economic system toward green and low- carbon development, guided by its dual carbon goals of peaking carbon emissions before 2030 and achieving carbon neutrality before 2060. By the end of Q22025, China's domestic and foreign currency green loan balance had reached 42.4 trillion yuan, representing a 22.0% year-on-year growth — a trend consistent with the rapid expansion of global green finance markets. The green bond market has surpassed 5 trillion yuan, not only in China but also occupying a significant position within the global green finance framework. It is estimated that the global green finance market will exceed $28 trillion by 2033. In this profound transformation, green finance has evolved from a marginalized policy tool to a strategic element reshaping the global economic order. It not only plays a crucial role in capital allocation but also redefines industrial logic, technological pathways, and social governance models through market-driven mechanisms. This article systematically analyzes the development logic, innovative practices, and global coordination mechanisms of green finance under the carbon neutrality goal, revealing its core function as a catalyst for economic transition.

Key Words：

green finance; carbon neutral target; global synergy