Jingjuan Zhao, Xiaojia Yang

（Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University）

Abstract：

With the continuous improvement of living standards, the quality and safety of fresh agricultural products have become a focus of people's close attention. Traceability of fresh agricultural products is an indispensable and important link in ensuring food quality and safety, and it is also an effective measure to increase consumers' trust in products. Blockchain uses a chain structure to record and store data information in a distributed manner. By utilizing encryption algorithms, consensus mechanisms, and smart contracts, it provides efficient solutions to data privacy and trust issues that arise in multi-party cooperation. The agricultural product traceability system based on blockchain technology has the advantages of improving the transparency and efficiency of production, processing, transportation, and sales processes, enhancing data credibility, and reflecting data traceability. At the same time, it can eliminate unnecessary intermediaries in the agricultural product supply chain and enhance consumers' confidence in traceable agricultural products. This article introduces blockchain and its technical characteristics, analyzes the entire supply chain of fresh agricultural products from planting and breeding, production and processing, logistics transportation, and distribution and sales, proposes a traceability framework for fresh agricultural products based on blockchain and IoT devices, and summarizes the application progress of blockchain technology in fruit and vegetable traceability, livestock and poultry meat traceability, and aquatic product traceability. At the same time, it points out the key issues of low consumer acceptance of blockchain links, concerns about user privacy and transaction confidentiality among market entities, and inability to guarantee the authenticity of source data in the current stage of blockchain agricultural product traceability. Finally, combined with blockchain technology, the development direction of future fresh agricultural product traceability is discussed, providing inspiration and reference for promoting in-depth research on fresh agricultural product traceability.

Key Words：

fresh agricultural products; traceability of fresh agricultural products; blockchain; traceability framework; food safety; agricultural product supply chain