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沧州地区良性阵发性位置性眩晕患者的前庭功能多维度分析

祁晓媛 1 贾鸿宁 1 王建平 1 闫馨月 1 顾 平 2*

1.沧州市中心医院眩晕二科;2.河北医科大学第一医院/首都医科大学宣武医院河北医院眩晕科

摘要(Abstract):

目的 分析2023-2024年间沧州地区BPPV患者的流行病学特征,并分析特发性及继发于单侧外周前庭病变的BPPV患者的前庭眼动特点,旨在推敲印证良性阵发性位置性眩晕的机制、临床特点及预后。方法与结果 收集2023年4月至2024年10月神经内科眩晕门诊BPPV患者395例,收集其相关的基线特征,进一步完善前庭眼动检查,包括:视频头脉冲试验、温度试验、自发性眼震,位置实验信息。对以上数据进行分析,并解析参数之间的关系,推敲BPPV的机制。临床基线:纳入395名患者平均年龄为59.39±12.56(范围22-85岁),男女比1:1.7。207例患者行前庭温度实验,温度实验异常BPPV为171例(82.61%)。BPPV类型分组PC-BPPV组、HC-BPPV组、AC-BPPV组三组的温度实验异常率、CP值及SN+ 差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中,AC-BPPV组CP值明显小于PC-BPPV组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);AC-BPPV组温度实验异常率明显小于PC-BPPV组、HC-BPPV组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);HC-BPPV组SN+明显高于PC-BPPV组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。按照继发性BPPV 分组:98例继发性BPPV进一步分组,分为PC-BPPV组、HC-BPPV组、AC-BPPV组三组,三组间CP值差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。其中,PC-BPPV 组vHIT异常率、CP值明显高于HC-BPPV组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);HC-BPPV组SN+明显高于PC-BPPV组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。依据是否存在SN分类:依据是否存在SN分类,分为SN+组(76/395)及SN-组(319/395)。SN+组cu-HC-BPPV阳性率明显高于SN-组,差异有统 计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 2023年-2024年间沧州地区BPPV患者,男女比1:1.7,患者年龄中位数为59.4。BPPV有以下特征:BPPV类型以PC-BPPV 最常见,其次为HC-BPPV,较罕见的为AC-BPPV;所有BPPV患者中,PC-BPPV更容易合并单侧前庭功能减低;继发于UVP的BPPV患者,以PC-BPPV 为主,PC-BPPV的UVP半规管功能受损更严重,但继发于UVP的BPPV发作不处于UVP急性期;BPPV患者出现SN,更多见于HC-BPPV,与UVP受损无关,而与HC-BPPV半规管壶腹嵴摆动相关。


关键词(KeyWords):

Unilateral Vestibulopathy; Cochleovestibular function tests; Post-contrast 3D-FLAIR; Endolymphatic Hydrops; Perilymphatic Enhancement


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