A Comparative Analysis of Physical Health and National Defense Literacy Cultivation among Chinese and Foreign College Students

Wang Renchen, Zhang Yufeng

Harbin Institute of Information Technology

Abstract：

The continuous decline in physical fitness among college students has become a global challenge. National defense literacy is directly related to the human base of national security, and the intrinsic connection between the two has long been unsystematically examined. Based on the framework of the coupling relationship between physical fitness and national defense, this paper compares the systems and practices of six countries including China, the United States, and Russia and finds that China is facing the structural predicament of "separation of physical fitness and defense", which is specifically manifested as the disconnection between military training and physical fitness improvement, the lack of long-term impetus for segmented training, and the insufficient rigidity of the system. The study has identified typical practices in four countries: the ROTC system in the United States runs through four years of university, Russia relies on junior military schools for early training, Japan integrates national physical education with disaster prevention education, and Israel unifies physical standards and national defense mobilization through the military service system. Based on this, this paper distills the "integration of physical education and defense" reform path and constructs a targeted reform framework from four aspects: curriculum reconstruction, defense sports coordination, resource co-construction, and standard alignment.

Key Words：

college students; physical health; national defense literacy; integration of physical defense; international comparisons