彭杰锋* 刘朝晖
赣南医科大学
摘要(Abstract):
NLRP3炎症小体作为固有免疫应答中关键的多蛋白复合物,其异常激活在炎症相关疾病的病理生理进程中发挥核心调控作用。其激活需双重信号触发,即经典的“起始信号”与“激活信号”,前者调控NLRP3转录表达,后者通过钾离子外流、活性氧积累等诱导其组装活化,进而激活caspase-1并释放IL-1β、IL-18等促炎细胞因子。心肌梗死(MI)后持续的炎症反应是导致心肌重构、心功能恶化进而发展为心力衰竭(HF)的重要机制。本文系统综述NLRP3炎症小体的激活机制及其在心肌损伤中的作用,梳理其与心肌梗死后心衰风险的关联证据,总结靶向NLRP3的干预策略及临床转化前景,结合该领域文献计量分析特征与最新研究发现,为MI后心衰的机制研究与临床防治提供参考。
关键词(KeyWords):
NLRP3炎症小体;心肌梗死;心力衰竭;炎症调控;靶向干预;临床转化
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