丁柏乔 骆玉霜*
青海大学临床医学院
摘要(Abstract):
癌性恶病质(Cancer Cachexia,CC)是晚期恶性肿瘤患者常见的进行性多因素综合征,以不可逆的骨骼肌群消耗和全身持续性炎症为核心病理特征。甲地孕酮(Megestrol Acetate,MA)作为人工合成的孕激素衍生物,长期以来被作为改善肿瘤患者食欲和增加体质量的一线药物。然而,近年来临床数据表明,单用MA在逆转骨骼肌萎缩和改善多维度生存质量(QoL)方面存在明显的“天花板效应”。随着对CC分子机制网络研究的深入,针对MA的机制重新评估及其与新型神经内分泌药物(如奥氮平)、靶向药物(如抗IL-6受体单抗)、多模态营养支持的联合应用已成为现阶段的研究热点。本文结合近三年(2023—2026)的前沿医学证据,对MA在治疗癌性恶病质中的最新机制探索、联合治疗方案的临床突破及不良风险管理进行系统性综述,旨在为肿瘤临床支持治疗提供基于循证医学的策略优化参考。
关键词(KeyWords):
癌性恶病质;甲地孕酮;奥氮平;联合治疗;骨骼肌消耗;系统性炎症
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