Chen Fuyu

Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine

Abstract：

Neurodegenerative diseases are a class of chronic disorders characterized by progressive neuronal injury and apoptosis as core pathological features, accompanied by clinical manifestations such as cognitive decline and motor dysfunction. Current clinical treatments lack effective curative methods and can only delay disease progression. Stem cells, as a class of primitive cells with self-renewal capacity and multi-lineage differentiation potential, demonstrate significant application potential in the repair and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases through their unique biological properties. They can compensate for impaired neurological function and improve disease prognosis via multiple mechanisms. This review, integrating recent basic research and clinical study outcomes, first defines the core concepts of stem cells and neurodegenerative diseases, systematically elaborates on the core repair mechanisms of stem cell therapy in neurodegenerative diseases, and its specific applications and research progress for different diseases. Subsequently, it focuses on analyzing the potential safety risks of stem cell therapy, core indicators and detection methods for safety assessment, and summarizes safety data from existing clinical studies. Finally, it discusses the challenges faced during the clinical translation of stem cell therapy and future development directions, providing theoretical references and practical bases for the standardized application of stem cell therapy in neurodegenerative diseases.

Key Words：

stem cell therapy; neurodegenerative diseases; neuronal repair; safety assessment; clinical research